Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zojongano lokubonisa isikrini esichukumisayo, kwaye ulwahlulo lulungile kakhulu.Ikakhulu ixhomekeke kwindlela yokuqhuba kunye nemowudi yolawulo ye-TFT LCD Izikrini.Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokudityaniswa kombala weLCD kwiifowuni eziphathwayo: ujongano lwe-MCU (ekwabhalwa njengojongano lweMPU), ujongano lweRGB, ujongano lweSPI ujongano lweVSYNC, ujongano lweMIPI, ujongano lweMDDI, ujongano lweDSI, njl. Imodyuli ye-TFT inojongano lwe-RGB.
I-interface ye-MCU kunye ne-RGB interface zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
Ujongano lwe-MCU
Ngenxa yokuba isetyenziswa kakhulu kwintsimi yee-microcomputers ze-single-chip, ithiywe.Emva kwexesha, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiifowuni eziphathwayo ezisezantsi, kwaye eyona nto iphambili kukuba ayibizi.Ixesha eliqhelekileyo le-interface ye-MCU-LCD yimigangatho yebhasi ye-8080 ecetywayo yi-Intel, ngoko i-I80 isetyenziselwa ukubhekisela kwisikrini se-MCU-LCD kumaxwebhu amaninzi.
I-8080 luhlobo lojongano olunxuseneyo, olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-DBI (ujongano lweData Bus) ujongano lwebhasi yedatha, i-microprocessor MPU interface, i-MCU interface, kunye ne-CPU interface, eneneni ziyinto enye.
I-interface ye-8080 iyilwe yi-Intel kwaye i-parallel, i-asynchronous, i-half-duplex yonxibelelwano protocol.Isetyenziselwa ukwandiswa kwangaphandle kwe-RAM kunye ne-ROM, kwaye kamva isetyenziswe kwi-interface ye-LCD.
Kukho amasuntswana ayi-8, amasuntswana ali-9, amasuntswana ali-16, amasuntswana ali-18, kunye namasuntswana angama-24 okuhanjiswa kwesuntswana ledatha.Oko kukuthi, ububanzi obuncinci bebhasi yedatha.
Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa yi-8-bit, i-16-bit, kunye ne-24-bit.
Inzuzo kukuba: ulawulo lulula kwaye lufanelekile, ngaphandle kwewashi kunye nomqondiso wokuvumelanisa.
Ukungalungi kukuba: I-GRM idliwe, ngoko ke kunzima ukufikelela kwisikrini esikhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-3.8).
Kwi-LCM ene-interface ye-MCU, i-chip yayo yangaphakathi ibizwa ngokuba ngumqhubi we-LCD.Umsebenzi ophambili kukuguqula idatha / umyalelo othunyelwe yikhompyuter yenginginya kwidatha yeRGB yepikseli nganye kwaye uyibonise kwiscreen.Le nkqubo ayifuni ichaphaza, umgca, okanye iiwotshi zesakhelo.
I-LCM: (Imodyuli ye-LCD) yimodyuli ye-LCD yokubonisa kunye nemodyuli ye-crystal ye-liquid, ebhekisela kwindibano yezixhobo zokubonisa i-crystal ye-liquid, izixhumi, iisekethe ze-peripheral ezifana nokulawula kunye nokuqhuba, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-PCB, izibane zangasemva, iinxalenye zesakhiwo, njl.
I-GRAM: i-RAM yemizobo, oko kukuthi, irejista yomfanekiso, igcina ulwazi lomfanekiso oza kuboniswa kwi-chip ILI9325 eqhuba umboniso we-TFT-LCD.
Ukongeza kumgca wedatha (nantsi i-16-bit data njengomzekelo), ezinye ziyi-chip ekhethiweyo, ifunde, ibhale, kunye nedatha / iyala izikhonkwane ezine.
Enyanisweni, ukongeza kwezi zikhonkwane, kukho ngokwenene i-pin yokuseta kwakhona i-RST, edla ngokusetwa kwakhona ngenombolo emiselweyo engu-010.
Umzobo womzekelo womzobo umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Le miqondiso ingasentla ayinakusetyenziswa zonke kwiinkqubo ezithile zesekethe.Ngokomzekelo, kwezinye izicelo zeesekethe, ukwenzela ukuba ugcine izibuko ze-IO, kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo i-chip ekhethiweyo kunye nokusetha kwakhona izibonakaliso kumgangatho omiselweyo, kwaye ungaqhubeki isignali yokufunda ye-RDX.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kuqatshelwe kule ngongoma ingentla: hayi kuphela idatha yedatha, kodwa noMyalelo ugqithiselwa kwiscreen seLCD.Xa ujonga nje kuqala, kubonakala ngathi ifuna kuphela ukuthumela idatha yombala we-pixel kwiscreen, kwaye ii-novices ezingenabuchule zihlala zizihoya iimfuno zokuhanjiswa komyalelo.
Ngenxa yokuba into ebizwa ngokuba ngunxibelelwano kunye neskrini ye-LCD ngokwenene inxibelelana ne-LCD yokulawula umqhubi wesikrini, kwaye iitshiphusi zedijithali zihlala zineerejista ezahlukeneyo zoqwalaselo (ngaphandle kokuba i-chip inemisebenzi elula kakhulu efana ne-74 series, 555, njl.), kukho kwakhona itshiphu yesikhokelo.Kufuneka kuthunyelwe imiyalelo yoqwalaselo.
Enye into ekufuneka uyiqaphele: Iitshiphusi zomqhubi we-LCD usebenzisa i-8080 parallel interface idinga i-GRAM eyakhelwe ngaphakathi (i-RAM yeMizobo), enokugcina idatha yesikrini esinye.Esi sizathu sokuba iimodyuli zesikrini zisebenzisa olu jongano zibiza kakhulu kunezo zisebenzisa ujongano lweRGB, kwaye i-RAM isabiza.
Ngokubanzi: i-interface ye-8080 idlulisela imiyalelo yokulawula kunye nedatha ngebhasi ehambelanayo, kwaye ihlaziya isikrini ngokuhlaziya idatha kwi-GRAM ehamba ne-LCM yemodyuli ye-crystal liquid.
TFT LCD Izikrini RGB ujongano
TFT LCD Screens RGB interface, ekwaziwa ngokuba DPI (Display Pixel Interface) interface, ikwalujongano olunxuseneyo, olusebenzisa ungqamaniso oluqhelekileyo, iwotshi, kunye nemigca yesiginali yokuhambisa idatha, kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngeSPI okanye IIC serial ibhasi ukuhambisa. imiyalelo yokulawula.
Kwinqanaba elithile, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwayo kunye ne-8080 interface kukuba umgca wedatha kunye nomgca wokulawula we-TFT LCD Screens RGB interface iyahlukana, ngelixa i-8080 interface i-multiplexed.
Omnye umehluko kukuba ekubeni i-interface ye-interactive ye-RGB idlulisela ngokuqhubekayo idatha ye-pixel yesikrini sonke, inokuhlaziya idatha yokubonisa ngokwayo, ngoko i-GRAM ayisadingeki, enciphisa kakhulu ixabiso le-LCM.Ukubonisa iimodyuli ze-LCD ezisebenzisanayo ezinobukhulu obufanayo kunye nesisombululo, isikrini esichukumisayo sibonisa ujongano lweRGB lomenzi jikelele lubiza kakhulu kune-8080 interface.
Isizathu sokuba i-screen esichukumisayo sibonise imowudi ye-RGB ayifuni inkxaso ye-GRAM kukuba imemori yevidiyo ye-RGB-LCD yenziwa yimemori yenkqubo, ngoko ubungakanani bayo bukhawulelwe kuphela ngobukhulu bememori yenkqubo, ukwenzela ukuba i-RGB- I-LCD ingenziwa ngobukhulu obukhulu, Njengangoku i-4.3" inokuqwalaselwa kuphela kwinqanaba lokungena, ngelixa izikrini ze-7" kunye ne-10" kwii-MID ziqala ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ekuqaleni koyilo lwe-MCU-LCD, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuqwalasela ukuba imemori ye-single-chip microcomputer incinci, ngoko imemori yakhiwe kwimodyuli ye-LCD.Emva koko isoftware ihlaziya imemori yevidiyo ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo ekhethekileyo yokubonisa, ngoko ke isikrini sokuchukumisa isikrini se-MCU sihlala singenakwenziwa sikhulu kakhulu.Kwangaxeshanye, isantya sohlaziyo lokubonisa sicotha kune-RGB-LCD.Kukwakho umahluko kwiimowudi zokudlulisa idatha.
Isikrini sokuchukumisa isikrini se-RGB sifuna kuphela imemori yevidiyo ukucwangcisa idatha.Emva kokuqalisa umboniso, i-LCD-DMA iya kuthumela ngokuzenzekelayo idatha kwimemori yevidiyo kwi-LCM nge-interface ye-RGB.Kodwa isikrini se-MCU sifuna ukuthumela umyalelo wokudweba ukuguqula i-RAM ngaphakathi kwe-MCU (oko kukuthi, i-RAM yesikrini se-MCU ayikwazi ukubhalwa ngokuthe ngqo).
Isantya sokubonisa isikrini sokuchukumisa i-RGB ngokucacileyo sikhawuleza kune-MCU, kwaye malunga nokudlala ividiyo, i-MCU-LCD nayo iyacotha.
Kwi-LCM yesikrini sokuthinta ukubonisa i-interface ye-RGB, imveliso yomninimzi yidatha ye-RGB yepikseli nganye ngokuthe ngqo, ngaphandle kokuguqulwa (ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwe-GAMMA, njl.).Kule interface, isilawuli se-LCD siyadingeka kwinginginya ukuvelisa idatha ye-RGB kunye nenqaku, umgca, iimpawu zokuvumelanisa isakhelo.
Uninzi lwezikrini ezinkulu zisebenzisa imowudi ye-RGB, kwaye i-data bit transmission ikwahlulwe ibe ngamasuntswana ali-16, iibhithi ezili-18, kunye namasuntswana angama-24.
Uqhagamshelo lubandakanya ngokubanzi: VSYNC, HSYNC, DOTCLK, CS, RESET, ezinye nazo zifuna iRS, kwaye ezinye ziyimigca yedatha.
Itekhnoloji ye-interface ye-interactive display display LCD isisiginali ye-TTL ngokwembono yenqanaba.
Ujongano lwehardware yesilawuli se-LCD esisebenzisanayo sikwinqanaba le-TTL, kunye nojongano lwehardware ye-LCD esebenzayo yomboniso ikwakwinqanaba le-TTL.Ngoko ke bobabini bebenokuthi badityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo, iifowuni eziphathwayo, iipilisi, kunye neebhodi zophuhliso zixhunywe ngokuthe ngqo ngale ndlela (ngokuqhelekileyo zixhunywe ngeentambo eziguquguqukayo).
Isiphene senqanaba le-TTL kukuba ayinako ukudluliselwa kude kakhulu.Ukuba isikrini se-LCD sikude kakhulu nomlawuli webhodi le-motherboard (i-1 imitha okanye ngaphezulu), ayikwazi ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-TTL, kwaye ukuguqulwa kuyadingeka.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zojongano lwezikrini ze-TFT LCD ezinombala:
1. Ujongano lwe-TTL (ujongano lombala weRGB)
2. I-interface ye-LVDS (iphakheji ye-RGB imibala kwi-transmission yesignali eyahlukileyo).
Ujongano lwe-TTL yekristale yolwelo lusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizikrini ezincinci ze-TFT ezingaphantsi kwe-intshi ze-12.1, kunye nemigca emininzi yojongano kunye nomgama omfutshane wokuhambisa;
I-liquid crystal screen LVDS interface isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala izikrini ze-TFT ezingaphezulu kwee-intshi ezi-8.I-interface inomgama omde wothumelo kunye nenani elincinci lemigca.
Isikrini esikhulu samkela iindlela ezininzi ze-LVDS, kwaye izikhonkwane zokulawula ziyi-VSYNC, HSYNC, VDEN, VCLK.I-S3C2440 ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-24 yedatha yezikhonkwane, kunye nezikhonkwane zedatha ziyi-VD [23-0].
Idatha yomfanekiso ethunyelwe yi-CPU okanye ikhadi lemizobo sisignali ye-TTL (0-5V, 0-3.3V, 0-2.5V, okanye 0-1.8V), kwaye i-LCD ngokwayo ifumana uphawu lwe-TTL, kuba uphawu lwe-TTL isasazwe ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nomgama omde Ukusebenza kwexesha alilungile, kwaye amandla okuchasana nokuphazamiseka akubi kakhulu.Kamva, kwacetywa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zothumelo, ezifana neLVDS, TDMS, GVIF, P&D, DVI kunye neDFP.Ngapha koko, bafaka nje ikhowudi yesiginali ye-TTL ethunyelwe yi-CPU okanye ikhadi lemizobo kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa, kwaye bachaze isiginali efunyenweyo kwicala leLCD ukufumana isiginali ye-TTL.
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi imo yothumelo eyamkelweyo, isibonakaliso esibalulekileyo se-TTL siyafana.
SPI interface
Ekubeni i-SPI i-serial transmission, i-bandwidth yokudlulisa iyancipha, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa kuphela izikrini ezincinci, ngokuqhelekileyo izikrini ezingaphantsi kwee-intshi ezi-2, xa zisetyenziswe njenge-interface ye-LCD yesikrini.Kwaye ngenxa yokunxibelelana kwayo okumbalwa, ulawulo lwesoftware lunzima kakhulu.Ngoko sebenzisa ngaphantsi.
Ujongano lwe-MIPI
I-MIPI (i-Mobile Industry Processor Interface) yimbumbano esekwe yi-ARM, Nokia, ST, TI kunye nezinye iinkampani ngo-2003. ubunzima kunye nokwanda kokuguquguquka koyilo.Kukho amaQela oMsebenzi ahlukeneyo phantsi kwe-MIPI Alliance, echaza uluhlu lwemigangatho ye-interface yefowuni yeselula, njenge-interface yekhamera ye-CSI, i-DSI yokubonisa i-DSI, i-interface ye-radio frequency DigRF, i-microphone / i-speaker interface ye-SLIMbus, njl. kukuba abavelisi beefowuni eziphathwayo banokukhetha ngokuguquguqukayo iitshiphusi ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodyuli ezivela kwiimarike ngokweemfuno zabo, okwenza kube lula kwaye kube lula ukutshintsha uyilo kunye nemisebenzi.
Igama elipheleleyo lojongano lweMIPI olusetyenziswa kwiscreen seLCD kufuneka lube lujongano lweMIPI-DSI, kwaye amanye amaxwebhu ayibiza ngokulula iDSI (Display Serial Interface) ujongano.
Iiperipherals ezihambelana neDSI zixhasa iindlela ezimbini zokusebenza ezisisiseko, enye yimowudi yomyalelo, kwaye enye yimowudi yeVidiyo.
Inokubonwa kule nto ukuba ujongano lwe-MIPI-DSI lukwanalo nomyalelo kunye nonxibelelwano lwedatha ngaxeshanye, kwaye aludingi ujongano olufana ne-SPI ukunceda ukuhambisa imiyalelo yolawulo.
Ujongano lweMDDI
I-interface ye-MDDI (i-Mobile Display Digital Interface) ecetywayo yi-Qualcomm kwi-2004 inokuphucula ukuthembeka kweefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokunciphisa ukudibanisa.Ukuxhomekeka kwisabelo semakethi sikaQualcomm kwintsimi yeetshiphusi eziphathwayo, eneneni lubudlelwane obukhuphisanayo nojongano olungasentla lweMIPI.
I-interface ye-MDDI isekelwe kwi-teknoloji ye-LVDS yokuhanjiswa kwe-different kwaye isekela izinga eliphezulu lokudluliselwa kwe-3.2Gbps.Imigca yesignali ingancitshiswa ibe yi-6, esele inenzuzo kakhulu.
Ingabonwa ukuba i-interface ye-MDDI isafuna ukusebenzisa i-SPI okanye i-IIC ukuhambisa imiyalelo yokulawula, kwaye ihambisa kuphela idatha ngokwayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-01-2023